Transrectal Ultrasonography (truss)

A Transrectal Ultrasonography (TRUS) Ultrasound Scan uses high-frequency sound waves delivered through a small probe inserted into the rectum. The probe creates real-time images of the prostate, seminal vesicles, and nearby structures. This outpatient procedure typically takes 10–20 minutes.

• Definition: An internal ultrasound of the prostate gland performed via the rectum.
• Technology: Uses a lubricated transducer probe (about the width of a finger) that emits painless sound waves.
• Purpose: Provides detailed pictures to detect abnormalities, guide biopsies, or monitor known conditions.

Diagnostic TRUS

• Used to measure prostate size, detect cysts, stones, or enlargement.
• No needles involved; purely imaging.

TRUS-Guided Biopsy

• Combines imaging with targeted needle sampling of suspicious areas.
• Performed under local anaesthesia; 6–12 tissue samples may be taken.

• Prostate volume (size in cc).
• Presence of hypoechoic lesions (dark spots that might indicate cancer).
• Capsular integrity (whether the outer layer is intact).
• Seminal vesicle appearance.
• Blood flow (using colour Doppler).

• Investigate prostate enlargement and BPH.
• Check for prostatitis (inflammation).
• Guide prostate biopsy when PSA is high.
• Evaluate male infertility by examining seminal vesicles and ejaculatory ducts.

You may need a TRUS if you have:

• Elevated or rising PSA (prostate-specific antigen) levels.
• Trouble urinating, weak stream, or frequent nighttime urination.
• A family history of prostate disorders or prostate cancer.
• Suspicious findings on a digital rectal exam (DRE).

• Real-time imaging allows immediate evaluation.
• No radiation—safe for repeated use.
• Outpatient procedure—return home the same day.
• Accurate guidance for biopsies, reducing unnecessary tissue removal.

• Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
• Prostate cancer (initial detection and staging)
• Chronic prostatitis
• Seminal vesicle cysts or obstruction
• Abscesses or calcifications

• Bowel prep: Mild enema or laxative the night before (as advised).
• Antibiotics: Take prescribed tablets 1 hour prior if recommended.
• Comfort clothing: Wear loose trousers or kurta for easy undressing from the waist down.

• Bring valid ID and doctor’s prescription.
• Inform the team about blood-thinning medications or allergies.
• Empty bladder 30 minutes before arrival.

• Schedule early morning to follow fasting or antibiotic instructions easily.
• Avoid booking during acute urinary infection; postpone until infection clears.

• Men aged 40+ with urinary symptoms or elevated PSA.
• Younger men with family history or specific symptoms.
• Not recommended if you have active rectal bleeding, severe haemorrhoids, or anal stricture—consult your doctor first.

1. Position: Lie on your left side with knees bent.
2. Probe insertion: A lubricated, covered probe is gently inserted into the rectum.
3. Image capture: The probe rotates to capture multiple angles.
4. Biopsy (if needed): Local anaesthetic is applied, then thin needles collect tissue.
5. Completion: Probe is removed; you can dress and rest briefly.

• Stop blood thinners only if your doctor advises.
• Report fever or rectal pain—reschedule if unwell.
• Avoid heavy meals 2 hours prior to reduce nausea.

• Minimal risk: Temporary discomfort, slight bleeding, or infection (rare).
• Limitations: May miss very small cancers; additional tests like MRI or biopsy could be required.
• Antibiotic cover: Sometimes prescribed to reduce infection risk.