Semen Analysis

Semen analysis is a test for analysing male sexual potency. In this case, semen analysis tests are crucial in measuring the amount as well as the quality of the sperm count that is present in the fertilized egg also known as seminal fluid. It involves collection of a semen specimen by ejaculation into a sterile container provided by the lab. The sperms and seminal fluids are analysed using special microscopes and other equipment available in the laboratory where they were sent to for examination.

Semen analysis measures several parameters to evaluate male fertility. These parameters include: 

1. Sperm density (number of sperm per millilitre) 

2. Motility of sperm (the percentage of motile sperm) 

3. Normality of the spermatozoa (size and shape) 

4. Physical properties of semen (pH, volume, consistency) 

5. Abnormalities or infections present 

There are several instances when semen analysis is often taken such as: 

1. When a couple is unable to conceive 

2. To confirm sterility after vasectomy 

3. Before beginning procedures for assisted reproductive technology (ART) 

4. Checking the progress of fertility treatments. 

5. Diagnosis and monitoring conditions like low testosterone or hypogonadism. 

However, even though it is generally safe, there may be some constraints and potential risks involved in this type of test: 

1. For certain men collecting the sample can be unpleasant 

2. This means that if not collected accurately, the test might not give accurate results. 

3. The procedure cannot detect all fertility problems including chromosomal abnormalities 

4. There are several things that may influence results, for instance, frequency of ejaculation, illness, and exposure to toxins. 

Some of the parameters evaluated in semen analysis include: 

1. Sperm count:  

• Total sperm count (total number of sperms in ejaculate) 
• Concentration (number of sperms per millilitre) 

2. Sperm motility:  

• Total motility (percentage of moving sperms) 
• Progressive motility (percentage of sperms moving forward) 

3. Sperm morphology:  

• Normal morphology (percentage of normal shaped and sized sperms) 
• Abnormal morphology (percentage of abnormal shaped and sized sperms) 

4. Seminal fluid characteristics:  

• pH 
• Volume 
• Consistency 

People who should consider a semen analysis include: 

1. Men who have had trouble getting their partner pregnant 

2. Men with a history of testicular injury or surgery 

3. Men with a history of varicocele (dilated vein in the scrotum) 

4. Men with fertility problems running in the family line 

5. Men with certain medical conditions like hypogonadism or cryptorchidism 

There are many benefits to semen analysis, including: 

1. Identifying male fertility questions 

2. Evaluating the effectiveness of infertility therapies 

3. Diagnosing and monitoring conditions such as low testosterone or hypogonadism 

4. Revealing potential causes for male sterility 

The following diseases can be diagnosed through semen analysis: 

1. Oligozoospermia (low sperm count) 

2. Asthenozoospermia (low sperm motility) 

3. Teratozoospermia (abnormal sperm morphology) 

4. Varicocele or other testicular diseases causing infertility 

5. Hypogonadism or other hormonal imbalances leading to infertility 

For a semen analysis, you should: 

1. Avoid ejaculating for 2-3 days before the examination. 

2. Collect your seminal fluid by masturbating or using a condom during sexual intercourse. 

3. Give complete medical histories and inform doctors about any drugs or supplements taken by patients. 

4. Obey any doctor’s requirements concerning the laboratory procedure. 

Prerequisites: Abstaining from ejaculation for 2-3 days before testing 

Eligibility: Men of all ages are eligible for semen analysis. 

Procedure for Taking the Test: The collection of a semen sample, usually by masturbation or using a condom during sex. 

Caution Before the Test: Avoid ejaculation for 2-3 days before the test, and inform your doctor about any medications or supplements