CT UROGRAM

A CT Urogram is a type of Ur radiology examination done using X-ray and computer technology to produce images of the urinary system. The test provides a complete overview of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder enabling timely diagnosis and follow up of varying problems affecting the urinary tract. Patients need to prepare by fasting for a couple of hours before the exam while drinking water to fill the bladder. 

What is a CT Urogram? 

A CT Urogram is an imaging technique that uses a CT scan and intravenous contrast material to outline the urinary system. In the process, the contrast medium is injected into a vein in the patient’s arm. It is then filtered by the kidneys and excreted through urine. In this way, the CT scanner captures images of the contrast agent as it passes through the urinary system and provides plenty of information regarding the structure and function of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. 

Types of CT Urogram  

The two types of CT Urogram include: 

• CT Urogram with contrast agent: This is the most common type and uses an iodine-containing contrast material to outline the structures of the urinary system. 
• CT Urogram without Contrast Agent: This option is for patients with allergies to the contrast agent or have reduced functioning of the kidneys. 

List of Parameters Considered During the CT Urogram

Medical professionals examine the following parameters with the study:  

• The size and shape of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.  
• The presence of stones, tumours, or cysts in the kidney. 
• The level of kidney function and blood flow into the kidneys. 
• The presence of obstruction or blockage in the urinary tract. 

Reasons for Taking a CT Urogram

Typically, a CT Urogram will be indicated due to:  

• Haematuria (blood in the urine).  
• Severs pain that radiates from the flank. 
• Urinary tract infections.  
• Nephrolithiasis. 
• Renal cell carcinoma. 
• Bladder carcinoma. 
• Prostate cancer. 

When and Who Needs to Take a CT Urogram? 

A CT Urogram is typically prescribed for patients with the following symptoms: severe lumbar region pain, recurrent episodes of hematuria, recurring urinary tract infections, renal calculi, and problems initiating the urinary stream, as well as weak or intermittent urine flow. 

The following patient population may need this specific test: 

• Individuals aged 45 years and above with a past medical history of urinary tract infections 
• Family members of patients with a personal history of kidney cancer or chronic kidney disease 
• Patients who have previously undergone radiation therapy to the pelvic region 

Benefits of Taking the Test

Benefits of CT Urogram includes the following:  

• The procedure is not invasive and does not cause any pain.  
• The image of the urinary system is very detailed.  
• Assists in diagnosing and monitoring different conditions affecting the urinary tract. 
• Has the capability to detect minor kidney stones or tumours. 

Illnesses Diagnosed with CT Urogram

Commonly diagnosed conditions with the use of a CT Urogram include:  

• Nephrolithiasis. 
• Renal cell carcinoma. 
• Urinary bladder cancer. 
• Urinary bladder cancer. 
• Cancer of the prostate. 
• Cystic lesions of the kidneys. 
• Cystic lesions of the kidneys. 

Preparing for a CT Urogram

To get ready for the test, a patient is required to:  

• Fasting for a period of 4-6 hours. 
• Ensure they drink enough fluids to guarantee the bladder is filled. 
• Take off any metallic items, including jewellery and eyeglasses. 
• Put on loose and comfortable clothing. 

Pre-requisites 

The following lists the requirements prior to taking an exam: 

• Fasting for four to six hours beforehand. 
• Refraining from medications, including blood-thinners. 

Best Time to Take the CT Urogram 

Although the test can be taken at any time, it's best taken when the bladder is full, usually in the morning. 

Eligibility 

Patients referred for the test generally have one or more of the following medical conditions: 

• Symptoms related to urinary tract. 
• Past medical history of urinary tract issues. 
• Suspected case of kidney disease or Cancer. 

Procedure for Taking a CT Urogram 

The process of taking the test is generally done in the following order: 

1. Patient preparation: 10-15 minutes 
2. Injection of contrast media: 5 minutes 
3. CT scan: 10-15 minutes 
4. Image interpretation: 15-30 minutes 

Caution Before Taking the Test 

Patients must: 

• Mention all known allergy/ medical history to the technician beforehand. 
• Note it is important not to move during the test. 
• Comply with the instructions given by the technician.