CT SCAN OF PNS AXIAL & CORONALS

CT scan of the Paranasal Sinuses (PNS) is a type of medical imaging test that assesses the condition of the patient’s sinuses. This type of scan provides accurate cross-sectional images of the sinuses and surrounding areas. It is often employed in diagnosing and tracking the progress of diseases like sinusitis, nasal polyps, or even growths (tumours). Before the test, patients are normally instructed not to eat or drink for a few hours prior and take off any metal objects, including jewellery and glasses. 

What is a CT scan of PNS? 

A CT scan of PNS is the process of imaging the paranasal sinuses using X-rays and computer technology. These methods create clear images of the air-filled cavities located in the human skull known as the sinuses. The patient undergoing the test lies on a table which slides into a doughnut-shaped machine (CT scanner) that rotates around their body taking pictures from different angles. The images captured are then reconstructed into a detailed cross-sectional view of the sinuses so that the internal structures can be examined for abnormalities. 

Types of CT scan of PNS 

Some of the scans that can be used to assess the sinuses include: 

• Axial CT scan: This type of a scan generates images of the sinuses in a cross-sectional view.  
• Coronal CT scan: This type of a scan generates images of the sinuses in a longitudinal view.  
• Sagittal CT scan: This type of a scan generates images of the sinuses in a view in which the body is split into two symmetrical sides, right and left. 

During the examination, the medical staff analyses the following parameters: 

• The shape and size of the sinuses 
• The presence of fluid or pus in the accessible sinuses 
• The sinus wall thickness 
• The presence of polyps or other neoplasms in the nose 
• The state of underlying bones and soft tissues 

A CT scan of PNS is usually ordered for the following conditions or symptoms: 

• Sinusitis or sinus infection 
• Polyps or other nasal formations 
• Sinus tumours or cysts 
• Facial pain, pressure, or discomfort 
• Diminished olfactory or gustatory abilities 
• Chronic nasal obstruction 

When and Who Needs to Take a CT scan of PNS? 

Usually, a CT scan of PNS is prescribed for patients with: 

• Chronic sinusitis or repeat infections  
• Breathing issues and nasal blockage 
• Smell and taste dysfunction 
• Facial pain and pressure 
• Tumours or cysts within the sinuses 

This test is often done for patients with a history of sinus disease and for those who have undergone previous sinus surgeries. 

Benefits of Taking the Test

These are the advantages of a CT exam of PNS: 

• Significant accuracy in diagnosing sinus conditions 
• Precise imaging of the sinuses and adjacent structures 
• Capability to plan treatment and surgical interventions 
• Rapid, simple, and non-invasive test 

Illnesses Diagnosed with CT scan of PNS

A CT scan of PNS can help diagnose the following conditions: 

• Sinusitis or sinus infection 
• Polyps or other nasal formations 
• Cysts or tumours of the sinuses 
• Chronic nasal congestion 
• Facial pain or pressure 
• Unable to identify odours or flavours 

Patients should follow these steps before undergoing a CT scan of PNS: 

• Do not eat or drink anything a few hours before the test. 
• Take out jewellery or glasses that are made of metal. 
• Recite any allergies or medical documentation before the exam to the technician. 
• Wear loose, comfortable clothing. 

Pre-requisites 

There are no explicit pre-requisites preceding a CT scan of the PNS, but there may be some specific requirements like fasting or refraining from some medications beforehand. 

Best Time to Take the CT scan of PNS 

Anytime a CT scan of PNS can be conducted, however it is best advised to book the procedure for the early morning or mid-afternoon. 

Eligibility: 

Almost all patients will be eligible to take a CT scan of PNS, though it might not be ideal for patients who are pregnant or have kidney disease. 

Procedure for Taking a CT scan of PNS 

General steps for a CT scan of PNS include: 

• The testes are commenced by patients taking off their metal belongings and getting gowned up with a hospital scrubs. 
• Scanning: The patient reclines on a table that moves into the CT scanner. 
• Image acquisition: The scanner captures images by rotating around the body. 
• Reconstruction: The pictures obtained are reconstructed to form detailed cross-sections of the sinuses. 

Caution Before Taking the Test 

Patients need to notify the technician about any allergic reactions or medical problems prior to the examination. Furthermore, they should refrain from any excessive movement or deep breathing during the scan.