CT SCAN OF BRAIN

A computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain combines the use of x-rays and computer technology to scan a person’s brain. It helps in the diagnoses and follow-ups of various conditions like tumours, strokes, and any other complications of the brain. 

What is a CT scan of the Brain? 

CT scans capture images using a combination of x-rays and computer technology. First, a series of x-ray beams scans through the head. After that, the sensors collect the beams and create detailed pictures. A computer then reconstructs the pictures to help the doctors see the different parts of the brain such as the cerebral cortex, blood vessels, and the ventricles. 

Types of CT scans of the Brain 

There are multiple types of CT scans of the brain, including: 

• Scan without contrast or Non contrast CT scan: Done to patients who cannot use contrast agents or in certain conditions that do not require the use of contrast. 
• CT scan With Contrast/Contrast CT scan: It enhances the view of vessels and other structures via a contrast agent. 
• Dynamic CT scan: Is used to take videos of the brain's blood vessels to study the blood flow and other processes. 

The following parameters are taken into consideration during the test by the medical practitioners: 

• Position of the patient: Patient is usually laid on their backs or some set position. 
• Attitude of the patient's head: Careful positioning of the patient's head so that the image taken is accurate. 
• Contrast: This block is used to enhance the visibility of certain structures. 
• Scan parameters: These are technical parameters like: electric X-ray emission and X-ray camera emission. 

A CT scan will often be recommended for the following conditions or presented symptoms: 

• Stroke or Stroke Episode 
• Brain Tumours or Cystic Structures 
• Trauma or Injury to the Head 
• Neurodegenerative Disorders 
• Hydrocephalus Syndrome 
• Meningitis or Encephalitis Infection 
• Epileptic Disorders 

When and Who Needs to Take a CT scan of the Brain? 

A CT scan of the brain might be suggested for persons suffering from these conditions: 

• Severe headache with confusion 
• Weakness or numbness on one side of the face or body 
• Difficulty seeing or speaking 
• Head wounds suffered recently 
• Possible stroke or cerebrovascular accident 
• Brain cysts or tumours growth screening 
• Degenerative diseases screening like Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s 

Benefits of Taking the Test

The advantages of CT brain scan are the following: 

• Precise diagnosis and follow-up of neurological lesions 
• Non-invasive and quick procedure 
• Capability to recognize and response to early changes and promote timely intervention 

Illnesses Diagnosed with CT scan of the Brain

CT scan imaging technology can be used to identify and diagnose the following: 

• Stroke: Clots that prevent normal blood circulation to the brain or bleeding into cerebrospinal region. 
• Brain tumours: Abnormal outgrowths in the brain such as gliomas and meningiomas. 
• Hydrocephalus: Unusual fluid build-up in the brain. 
• Neurodegenerative diseases: Examples include Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease. 

To prepare for the test, the patient should: 

• Get rid of all jewellery and metal items 
• Put on a hospital gown or loose-fitting clothing 
• Refrain from eating or drinking several hours before the test 
• Tell the technologist about any allergies or other medical problems which may affect how the test is carried out. 

Pre-requisites 

• Some tests may require the patient to refrain from taking specific drugs or other substances. 
• People who have metal implants or pacemakers need to alert the technologist. 

Best Time to Take the CT scan of the Brain 

The test may be done at any time of day, although it is preferable to set an appointment for the morning or early afternoon time slot for greater productivity. 

Eligibility 

Patients of all age groups can be subjected to a CT scan of the head, but some pregnant women and patients with certain medical conditions may have to take extra care or consider other forms of examination. 

Procedure for Taking a CT scan of the Brain 

The duration of the procedure is approximately 15 - 30 minutes and is done in the following way: 

1. Pre-Scanning: Patients being the test get ready and lie on the CT table. 
2. Scanning: The CT machine scans the brain of the patient lying motionless on the examination couch. 
3. Contrast agent: If it is used, the contrast agent is given via IV infusion. 
4. Scan completion: The exam concludes, and the patient is free to vacate the CT scanner. 

Caution Before Taking the Test 

Patients are expected to: 

• Advise the technician of any allergies or existing medical issues. 
• Disclose any recent illnesses or some kind of infections. 
• Comply with any direct preparatory guidance given by the medical personnel.